Publication:
Determinants of shadow economy in OIC and non-OIC countries: the role of financial development
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42
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10
Date
2023
SDG:
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the determinants and the impact of financial development on shadow economy in OIC countries and then compared with non-OIC countries. The study applies advanced panel GMM technique. The study finds that macro-variables (unemployment, economic growth, money supply and foreign trade) and institutional variables reduce shadow economy both in OIC and non-OIC countries. The study also explores that financial development mitigates shadow economy; however, its impact is significantly less in case of OIC economies compared to the non-OIC countries. Since the focus of this study is OIC countries vs non-OIC countries, the research only includes discussion about shadow economy in 42 OIC member states and 99 non-OIC economies. The decision to restrict the study to 42 OIC economies and 99 non-OIC nations is due to the availability of data. The study suggests that free market and good business environment in the formal economy are the keys to have less shadow economy. Good institutional setup and ease in regulations can attract firms and businesses from informal sector to the official economy, while political instability is one of the main factors for having large size of shadow economy. The OIC member countries should implement policies which improve accessibility to finance of every citizen of the country.
Keywords
Financial development , OIC countries , Shadow economy
Citation
Khan, S., Abdul Hamid, B., & Rehman, M. Z. (2023). Determinants of shadow economy in OIC and non-OIC countries: the role of financial development. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(10), 3373-3393. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-02-2020-0193
Publisher
Emerald Publishing Limited
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determinants_shadow_economy_OIC_non-OIC_countries_role_financial_development_baharom.pdf
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